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Search results for phi,559 in Adler number:
Headword:
*fo/bos
Adler number: phi,559
Translated headword: fear
Vetting Status: high
Translation: [Meaning] flight.[1]
Also [meaning] cowardice.
Fear is an expectation of what is bad.[2] The following [affective states] are reduced to fear: terror, hesitancy, shame, consternation, commotion, anguish. Now, terror is a fear producing dread; hesitancy is fear of a future activity; shame is fear of lack of reputation; consternation is fear [coming] from an appearance of an unaccustomed fact; commotion is fear accompanied by a bustling sound; anguish is fear of an uncertain fact.[3]
The disposition to wonder is the genus of consternation, but excess [is] not; for the disposition to wonder is the genus of consternation, but an excess is a difference. For some of those who wonder [at something] wonder in excess, such as those who are in a state of panic; others [wonder at something] with measure. But to wonder in excess is to be in a state of panic.[4]
*fo/bos in
Homer [means] flight.[5]
But when [the Bible] says 'the fear of the Lord is the beginning [
a)rxh/] of wisdom', [this is] because he who wishes to be wise begins with watchfulness. But if this
a)rxh/ is understood with reference to hegemony, 'fear of the Lord' [is] not the passive sort, that which happens through dread of punishments (for perfect love casts out fear), but watchfulness in accordance with reverence. For this fear of the Lord surpasses everything.[6]
*fo/bos: fugh/. kai\ h( deili/a. *fo/bos de/ e)sti prosdoki/a kakou=. ei)s de\ to\n fo/bon a)na/getai tau=ta: dei=ma, o)/knos, ai)sxu/nh, e)/kplhcis, qo/rubos, a)gwni/a. dei=ma me\n ou)=n e)sti fo/bos de/os e)mpoiw=n, o)/knos de\ fo/bos mellou/shs e)nergei/as, ai)sxu/nh de\ fo/bos a)doci/as, e)/kplhcis de\ fo/bos e)k fantasi/as a)sunh/qous pra/gmatos, qo/rubos de\ fo/bos meta\ katepei/cews fwnh=s: a)gwni/a de\ fo/bos a)dh/lou pra/gmatos. e)/sti de\ ge/nos h( qaumasio/ths th=s e)kplh/cews, a)ll' ou)x u(perbolh/: ge/nos ga\r e)kplh/cews h( qaumasio/ths, h( de\ u(perbolh\ diafora/: tw=n ga\r qaumazo/ntwn oi( me\n kaq' u(perbolh\n qauma/zousin, w(s oi( e)kpeplhgme/noi, oi( de\ metri/ws. to\ de\ qauma/zein kaq' u(perbolh/n e)stin e)kplh/ttesqai. *fo/bos, par' *(omh/rw| h( fugh/. o(/te de\ le/gei, a)rxh\ sofi/as fo/bos kuri/ou: dio/ti o( boulo/menos sofo\s ei)=nai a)po\ eu)labei/as a)/rxetai. ei) de\ to\ a)rxh\ e)pi\ th=s h(gemoni/as paralhfqh=|, fo/bos kuri/ou ou)x o( paqhtiko/s, o( de/ei kola/sewn prosgino/menos [h( ga\r telei/a a)ga/ph e)/cw ba/llei to\n fo/bon], a)ll' h( kata\ sebasmo\n eu)la/beia: ou(=tos ga\r o( fo/bos kuri/ou pa/nta u(pere/bale.
Notes:
[1] Likewise or similarly in other lexica (references at
Photius phi234 Theodoridis), and cf. the
scholia to
Homer,
Iliad 6.97, where a version of the headword occurs. See further below, at n. 5.
[2] This is the Stoic definition of fear (based on
Plato,
Protagoras 358D): see
Diogenes Laertius 7.112. Compare also
Aristotle's definition of
fo/bos: "Let fear be defined as a sort of pain or agitation derived from imagination of a future destructive or painful evil" (
Rhetoric 2.51382a22-23; transl. G.A. Kennedy).
[3] These kinds of fear are Stoic distinctions and are largely taken from
Diogenes Laertius 7.112-113 (and
Stobaeus,
Eclogae 2.57.91-92, ed. Wachsmuth).
[4] Alexander of
Aphrodisias,
Commentaries on Aristotle's Topica 351.7-11.
[5] From the
scholia to
Homer,
Iliad 5.272 and 6.97; see already above, at n. 1.
[6] For the expression "the fear of the Lord" see
Proverbs 1:7 and 9:10
LXX, where it is said that "the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom"; see also
Proverbs 8:13: "the fear of the Lord hates not only injustice but also insolence, pride and the ways of perverse men". For "perfect love casts out fear," see
1 John 4:18.
Translated by: Marcelo Boeri on 27 July 2003@18:04:42.
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