The Athenians use this term for a "furnace of barley" [
kriqw=n bau=nos), that is an oven.[1]
Also [sc. attested is the phrase] "oven loaf", [meaning] one baked in an oven. [The noun]
kribanos is based on
kri ["barley"] and
baunos ["furnace"]; that is an oven. And
Aristophanes [says]:[2] "then he[3] entertained us, and served us oven-baked oxen."[4]
Arrian [says]:[5] "and they[6] brought guest-gifts, tunny baked in ovens."
*kri/banon: oi( *)attikoi\ le/gousi kriqw=n bau=non, toute/sti ka/minon. kai\ *)/artos kribani/ths, o( e)n kriba/nw| w)pthme/nos. kri/banos de\ para\ to\ kri= kai\ to\ bau=nos: o(/ e)sti ka/minos. kai\ *)aristofa/nhs: ei)=ta e)ce/nize: pareti/qei d' h(mi=n bou=s kribani/tas. *)arriano/s: oi( de\ ce/nia e)/feron, qu/nnous e)n kriba/noisin o)ptou/s.
This somewhat repetitive entry is based on the
scholia to
Aristophanes,
Acharnians 86 and
Wealth [Plutus] 765. For the headword see also
kappa 2414.
[1] Likewise or similarly in other lexica (from Aelius
Dionysius); see the references at
Photius kappa1092 Theodoridis. This absurd etymology ignores the fact that bread was normally baked only from wheat, not from barley.
[2]
Aristophanes,
Acharnians 85-7 (telescoped, see below).
[3] The King of Persia; the speaker is the leader of an Athenian embassy to him, reporting back to the Assembly on his mission.
[4] In the Aristophanic text, the ambassador says that the King served "whole oxen from the
kri/banos" and Dikaiopolis, who has been keeping up a running commentary of asides on the Assembly proceedings, remarks "And who has ever seen oven-baked (
kribani/tas) oxen?" The lexicographer has thus run two speeches into one, omitting the last word of line 85 and the whole of line 86.
[5] Arrian,
Indika 28.1; more fully at
pi 957.
[6] The Ichthyophagoi [Fish-Eaters] of Kyiza, a township on the shore of the Indian Ocean visited by the fleet of Alexander's admiral
Nearchus, to whom this gift was offered. This, according to Arrian, was the first time that any Ichthyophagite community had been found that cooked its food -- and significantly, they baked it in the same way that Greeks baked bread; for, in a direct inversion of Greek practice, they treated fish as their staple and cereals as their relish (
o)/yon) (
Indika 28.8-9).
Davidson, James N. Courtesans and Fishcakes: The Consuming Passions of Classical Athens. London: HarperCollins, 1997. 304-5.
David Whitehead (added x-ref and keyword; cosmetics) on 21 July 2003@10:19:38.
David Whitehead (another x-ref) on 21 July 2003@10:20:59.
David Whitehead (expanded n.1; more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 18 March 2013@04:14:29.
Catharine Roth (tweaked punctuation) on 18 March 2013@21:43:05.
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