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Headword: *kathgori/as e)/xw
Adler number: kappa,1040
Translated headword: I have accusations
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
Meaning I am being accused. Demosthenes [in the speech] On the Crown [sc. uses the phrase].[1]
"Accusing them is Kallixenos, a demagogue [and] sykophant."[2]
Amongst philosophers 'category'[3] is said and comes into being either to a greater degree or equally, but never to a lesser degree. It is to a greater degree when the more universal things are predicated of the more particular. Now the highest things are the more universal, while the more particular things are those that are subordinated [to them]. A category is a kind of appellative [or common noun] that is said without qualification. There are altogether ten [categories], which are the most general kinds, under which every expression is subsumed: substance, quantity, quality, relation, where, when, acting upon, being-affected, being in a position, having.[4] Of these, substance is what underlies, while the remaining nine [categories exist] in what underlies.
Greek Original:
*kathgori/as e)/xw: a)nti\ tou= kathgorou=mai. *dhmosqe/nhs *peri\ tou= stefa/nou. kathgorei= de\ au)tw=n *kalli/cenos dhmagwgo/s, sukofa/nths. h( kathgori/a para\ filoso/fois h)\ e)pi\ ple/on le/getai kai\ gi/netai h)\ e)pi/shs, e)p' e)/latton de\ ou)de/pote. kai\ e)pi\ ple/on me/n, o(/te ta\ kaqolikw/tera kathgorou=ntai tw=n merikwta/twn. kaqolikw/tera ou)=n ei)si\ ta\ e)pa/nw, merikw/tera de\ ta\ u(poka/tw. kathgori/a de/ e)stin oi(=on proshgori/a tis a(plw=s legome/nh. ei)si\ de\ pa=sai de/ka, h)/goun genikw/tata ge/nh, u(f' a(\s a)nafe/retai pa=sa fwnh/: ou)si/a, poso/n, poio/n, pro/s ti, pou=, po/te, poiei=n, pa/sxein, kei=sqai, e)/xein. tou/twn h( me\n ou)si/a e)sti\n u(pokeime/nh, ai( de\ loipai\ e)nne/a e)n u(pokeime/nw|.
Notes:
[1] Demosthenes 18.240. The entry thus far = Photius, Lexicon kappa463.
[2] At the trial of the Arginousai generals in Athens in 406 BCE. The present phrase clearly derives from Xenophon, Hellenica, 1.7.14 (though this present tense should be imperfect, and the categorisations of K. are additions). For the meaning of sukofa/nths, 'false accuser', see sigma 1331 and sigma 1332.
[3] It is the same word that in judicial contexts is rendered 'accusation/prosecution' (kathgori/a).
[4] Aristotle, Categories 1b26ff.
Keywords: biography; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; ethics; historiography; history; law; military affairs; philosophy; politics; rhetoric
Translated by: Marcelo Boeri on 31 May 2004@19:44:46.
Vetted by:
Catharine Roth (cosmetics) on 31 May 2004@23:42:35.
David Whitehead (modified translation; augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 1 June 2004@02:48:52.
Catharine Roth (modified translation) on 1 June 2004@13:15:23.
David Whitehead (expansions to notes; more keywords cosmetics) on 10 February 2013@09:11:15.
David Whitehead (coding) on 30 April 2016@05:57:39.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 7 July 2019@20:19:29.

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