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Headword: *gedew/n
Adler number: gamma,98
Translated headword: Gideon
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
A general of the Hebrews. When he intended to go to war with the Midianites and the Arabs and Amalekites, God stood over him [in a dream] and advised that he lead the army to the river in the middle of the day when the heat was at its height and take those who lay down and drank thus to be courageous, but as many as should drink with eager haste and with a clamor, these he should consider did this from cowardice, terrified by their enemies. And there were 300 found who drank agitatedly with their hands.
Greek Original:
*gedew/n, strathgo\s tw=n *(ebrai/wn. *madihni/tais su\n toi=s *)/arayi kai\ *)amalhki/tais me/llontos polemei=n, o( qeo\s sunebou/leuen e)pista\s peri\ me/shn h(me/ran e)n a)kmh=| tou= kau/matos o)/ntos a)gagei=n to\n strato\n ei)s to\n potamo\n kai\ tou\s me\n katakliqe/ntas kai\ ou(/tw pi/nontas eu)yu/xous ei)=nai u(polamba/nein, o(/soi d' a)\n e)speusme/nws kai\ meta\ qoru/bou pi/noien, tou/tous dh\ nomi/zein u(po\ deili/as tou=to pa/sxein, katapeplhgo/tas tou\s polemi/ous. kai\ eu(re/qhsan t# tai=s xersi\ tetaragme/noi pi/nontes.
Note:
For Gideon see also gamma 99. The present entry, after the opening phrase, is an approximation of Josephus, Jewish Antiquities 5.210 & 215-217 (web address 1 below). Josephus' account itself summarizes Judges 7.1-8 LXX. Ending the story where he does, the lexicographer misses the crucial point which emerges both in the Septuagint and in Josephus: it is the "cowardly" 300 that God wanted, as being more likely to credit any success to him than to any courage of their own.
Associated internet address:
Web address 1
Keywords: biography; dreams; ethics; food; geography; historiography; history; military affairs; religion
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 20 June 2002@20:15:19.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (added keyword; cosmetics) on 24 June 2002@05:54:12.
David Whitehead (more keywords; cosmetics) on 5 June 2012@04:30:30.
David Whitehead on 5 June 2012@04:31:29.
Catharine Roth (upgraded link) on 24 August 2012@22:16:38.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 11 March 2016@19:42:56.
Catharine Roth (expanded note) on 11 March 2016@19:55:44.
David Whitehead (tweaks to tr; further expansion of note) on 12 March 2016@06:04:43.

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