The meaning we normally think it right to give to this word, using
e)rgola/bos to denote a person who receives a wage for certain services and works with the collaboration of other employees,[1] is not the same the orators apply to
e)rgola/bos.[2] Rather, they use the word in reference to disreputable matters, as
Demosthenes [does] in the
Letter to the council and the people:[3] "for the present situation is far more in need of goodwill and generosity than[4] turmoil and malice, as[5] they are using, in excess, the profit-makers to your detriment,[6] with a view to gaining advantages -- may they be deceived [in such calculations]!"
Also [sc. attested is]
e)/rgon, in reference to what is difficult.[7]
Polybius [writes]: "during their siege of Syracuse the Romans had a hard time, since they had not taken into due consideration
Archimedes' ability".[8]
*)ergola/bos: ou)k w(/sper e)n th=| sunhqei/a| dokou=men e)rgola/bon kalei=n to\n u(pe/r tinwn e)/rgwn misqo\n lamba/nonta kai\ e)/xonta tou\s sunergazome/nous, ou(/tw kai\ oi( r(h/tores e)cede/canto to\n e)rgola/bon: a)ll' e)pi\ flau/rwn pragma/twn xrw=ntai tw=| o)no/mati: w(s *dhmosqe/nhs e)n th=| pro\s th\n boulh\n kai\ to\n dh=mon e)pistolh=|: polu\ ga\r ma=llon eu)noi/as kai\ filanqrwpi/as ta\ paro/nta pra/gmata dei=tai e)k taraxh=s kai\ dusmenei/as, w(s u(perbolh=| xrw/menoi toi=s e)rgolabou=si kaq' u(mw=n ei)s u(podoxh\n pragma/twn, w(=n diayeusqei=en. kai\ *)/ergon, e)pi\ tou= dusxerou=s. *polu/bios: oi( de\ *(rwmai=oi poliorkou=ntes tou\s *surakousi/ous e)/rgou ei)/xonto, ou) logisa/menoi th\n *)arximh/dous du/namin.
[1] For this usual meaning of
e)rgola/bos as "contractor" (clearly from the noun
e)/rgon and the verb
lamba/nein), see e.g.
Plato,
Republic 373B;
Plutarch,
Pericles 31; and many epigraphical attestations. LSJ entry at web address 1.
[2] A trace of a usage of
e)rgola/bos in a legal context, referring to advocates as 'contractors of lawsuits', occurs in
Themistius,
Orations 21.260b. What the Attic orators use with the Suda's meaning is actually the verb
e)rgolabe/w, which also occurs most probably in the quotation (see note 5). LSJ entry at web address 2.
[3]
Demosthenes,
Letter 3 (
Concerning the sons of Lycurgus) at ch.34 (web address 3).
[4] Reading
h)/, from
Demosthenes, for the Suda's
e)k.
[5] The translation renders the Suda's text
w(s; but a better reading is
w(=n in, again, the direct transmission. Referring to
taraxh\ kai\ dusme/neia, it implies a slightly different translation: "using them [= turmoil and malice] against you all, etc."
[6] A third instance of textual corruption in the quotation: the Suda's
toi=s is actually
tines in
Demosthenes' text. The misreading of an abbreviation led a scribe to think of
e)rgolabou=si as a dative plural participle governed by
xrw/menoi, despite the presence of another dative. It is in fact a third person plural indicative, providing the main verb of the clause.
[7] For idioms like
e)/rgon e)sti/, e)/. eu(rei=n, e)/. parasxei=n tini/ see LSJ at web address 4; and cf. generally
epsilon 2909,
epsilon 2911.
[8] An approximation of
Polybius 8.3.3 -- perhaps via an epitome: the original is much longer, and does not contain the phrase 'had a hard time'. (
Archimedes, surprisingly, does not have his own Suda entry [
alpha 4113 is a homonym], but for this episode cf. under
alpha 2797,
epsilon 945,
sigma 669.)
David Whitehead (tweaked tr; augmented notes and keywords) on 29 November 2005@05:48:00.
Catharine Roth (betacode typo) on 29 November 2005@11:26:51.
David Whitehead (another keyword) on 13 December 2005@08:06:06.
David Whitehead (more x-refs and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 25 October 2012@06:58:12.
David Whitehead (tweaks to tr; expanded some notes; coding) on 6 February 2016@05:54:52.
Catharine Roth (typo) on 17 December 2020@00:56:44.
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