The primary headword xama/dis appears frequently in Homer (e.g. Iliad 3.300, 6.147; Odyssey 9.290); also in Aeschylus, Seven against Thebes 357. Commentary on these passages is the most probable source for most of the information in this entry.
The headword and the supplementary lemma xama=ze are formed from the obsolescent xa/ma ('ground', 'earth'), which survives primarily in compounds from the classical period and later and in the allative/illative/locative forms in epic mentioned in this entry. Both have directional suffixes common in epic: -ze is probably from original -de, by analogy with forms like qura/sde ("to the doors/gates"); the origins of -dis are less certain. The gloss xamai/ (chi 64) is a proper locative; the PIE locative morphological suffix was *-i for stems in *-eH2 (which became Greek nouns of the first declension in -a, Att.-Ion. -h).
Parts of this entry have parallels in Etymologicum Magnum 806.5 and the scholia to Homer, Iliad 3.29 (where xama=ze appears: web address 1 below). See also Hesychius chi127, ps.-Zonaras 1846, and (according to Adler) Lexicum Ambrosianum 134.