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Headword: *xoa=
Adler number: chi,362
Translated headword: chous; pitcher
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[*xoa= means the same as] xou=s,[1] an Attic measure, containing eight kotulai.[2] Aristophanes [writes]: "come to dinner quickly, bringing your basket [and your pitcher]."[3] For those inviting [people] to dinner used to provide the wreaths and unguents and desserts and other such things, but those who were invited used to bring boiled vegetables and a basket and a pitcher. Concerning the basket Homer says: "his mother put in the basket meat and food to keep up his strength ... such as kings reared by Zeus eat."[4] Those invited [to dinner] used to bring pitchers, so that they would not share another drinking-vessel because of the blame that befell Orestes.[5] And [there is] a proverb: '[it] will hold six choas.'[6] In reference to those who talk nonsense. That is, his brain [will hold six choas]. At the same time it remained as a metaphor for a jar or wineskin: if one is cleaned out, it holds more than those that are blocked up and thrown away. And elsewhere: "[Glyce swore] the last of us to arrive would lose three choas of wine and a choenix of chickpeas." Those drinking in moderation used to gobble down roasted chickpeas.[7]
Greek Original:
*xoa=: xou=s, me/tron *)attiko/n, xwrou=n kotu/las o)ktw/. *)aristofa/nhs: e)pi\ dei=pnon taxu\ ba/dize, th\n ki/sthn labw/n. oi( ga\r kalou=ntes e)pi\ dei=pnon stefa/nous kai\ mu/ra kai\ tragh/mata kai\ a)/lla tina\ toiau=ta pareti/qesan, oi( de\ kalou/menoi e)/feron e(yh/mata kai\ ki/stin kai\ xoa=. *(/omhros peri\ th=s ki/stew/s fhsi: mh/thr d' e)n ki/stei e)ti/qei menoeike/a dai=ta o)/ya te, oi(=a e)/dousi diotrefe/es basilh=es. xoa= de\ e)pefe/ronto oi( kalou/menoi, i(/na mh\ koinwnh/swsin a)/llou pothri/ou dia\ th\n e)pi\ tw=| *)ore/sth| genome/nhn ai)ti/an. kai\ paroimi/a: e(\c xoa=s xwrh/setai. e)pi\ tw=n paralhrou/ntwn. toute/stin o( e)gke/falos au)tou=. a(/ma de\ w(s e)pi\ kera/mou h)\ a)skou= e)/meine metafora=s: o(\s e)a\n smhxqh=|, ple/on xwrei= tw=n e)mpefrako/twn a)pobeblhme/nwn. kai\ au)=qis: th\n u(sta/thn h(/kousan oi)/nou trei=s xoa=s h(mw=n a)poti/sein ke)rebi/nqwn xoi/nika. u(popi/nontes e)/kapton fruktou\s e)rebi/nqous.
Notes:
[1] The headword here is choa, equated (as the primary gloss) with chous. The latter is the usual Attic form, a contraction of the nominative singular of the noun xoo/s. *xoa= is a non-Attic form of the accusative singular; the Attic accusative singular would be xou=n. The word refers both to the liquid in its measure and the pitcher measuring it out; see LSJ s.v. xou=s (A).
[2] From the scholia to Aristophanes, Acharnians 961 or Knights 95. [But NB: a chous held twelve, not eight, kotulai.]
[3] Aristophanes, Acharnians 1085-6 (web address 1 below). What follows in the entry is taken from the scholia to line 1086.
[4] An amalgamation of Homer, Odyssey 6.76 (web address 2) and 3.480 (web address 3).
[5] For Orestes see generally omicron 537, omicron 538. The point here is that matricide had polluted him.
[6] Aristophanes, Clouds 1238 (web address 4 below), with scholion. (Despite being called a proverb, it was not taken up by the paroemiograpers.)
[7] Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae 43-44 (web address 5), with scholion.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2,
Web address 3,
Web address 4,
Web address 5
Keywords: aetiology; botany; comedy; daily life; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; ethics; food; imagery; mythology; proverbs; religion; science and technology; women
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 1 April 2008@01:05:56.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; tweaks and cosmetics) on 1 April 2008@04:07:57.
David Whitehead (tweaked tr; other cosmetics) on 12 November 2013@06:25:52.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticules, link tweaks) on 31 May 2023@00:47:04.

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