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Headword: *)ate/ramnon
Adler number: alpha,4343
Translated headword: tough
Vetting Status: high
Translation:
[Meaning something] hard, difficult to alter.[1] [One should say] a)tera/mones ["tough men"], not a)te/ramnoi. And the singular a)tera/mwn, not a)te/ramnos. And o)/spria a)tera/mona ["tough pulses"], not a)te/ramna.[2] Aristophanes in Acharnians [writes]: "tough men, Marathon-battlers, [tough as] maple wood."[3] Also [sc. attested is] a)tera/mwn [meaning] tireless.[4]
Hard.
Aelian [writes]: "but he, being tough, rejected the gift."[5]
"There was no one so tough and barbarian at heart who did not obey and hearken unto the words streaming from that holy mouth."[6]
Greek Original:
*)ate/ramnon: sklhro\n, dusmeta/blhton. *)atera/mones, ou)xi\ a)te/ramnoi. kai\ to\ e(niko\n a)tera/mwn, ou)xi\ a)te/ramnos. kai\ o)/spria a)tera/mona, ou)xi\ a)te/ramna. *)aristofa/nhs *)axarneu=sin: a)tera/mones, *maraqwnoma/xai, sfenda/mninoi. kai\ *)atera/mwn, a)katapo/nhtos. sklhro/s. *ai)liano/s: o( de\ a)tera/mwn w)\n a)pew/sato a)/ra to\ dw=ron. ou)dei\s de\ h)=n ou(/tws a)tera/mwn kai\ ba/rbaros th\n yuxh\n, o(\s ou)k e)pei/qeto kai\ katekhlei=to toi=s a)po\ tou= i(erou= sto/matos e)kei/nou r(e/ousi lo/gois.
Notes:
[1] Likewise or similarly in other lexica, and cf. also the scholia to Homer, Odyssey 23.167, where the headword (neuter singular) occurs.
[2] a)tera/mwn is more common in the Attic dialect than a)te/ramnos. See generally alpha 4344.
[3] Aristophanes, Acharnians 181 (web address 1 below); cf. mu 177.
[4] From the scholia to Plato, Laws 853D, where a)tera/mwn appears: web address 2.
[5] Aelian fr. 72 Domingo-Forasté (69 Hercher); cf. mu 497.
[6] Damascius, Life of Isidore fr. 92 Zintzen (48 Asmus); cf. omicron 218.
Associated internet addresses:
Web address 1,
Web address 2
Keywords: biography; botany; comedy; definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; food; imagery; military affairs; philosophy; religion
Translated by: Jennifer Benedict on 24 March 2002@08:14:22.
Vetted by:
David Whitehead (augmented notes and keywords; cosmetics) on 27 August 2002@04:11:24.
David Whitehead (added note and keyword) on 27 August 2002@04:17:39.
David Whitehead (more keywords; betacode and other cosmetics) on 28 April 2012@06:59:38.
Catharine Roth (updated reference, upgraded links) on 13 June 2013@01:13:24.
David Whitehead on 2 September 2015@08:57:32.
Catharine Roth (tweaked link) on 12 December 2015@19:38:32.
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