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Properly [it means] iron.
"Having plunged Ares inside [your] hollow flanks."[1]
It also means war. [The term comes] from the [verb] r(w= [meaning] "I speak,"[2] (future r(h/sw), [whence] r(h=s, and with the alpha privative [it is] Ares. For in war there is no need of words, but of actions. And Homer [writes]: "for the outcome of war [lies] in hands, [that] of words in counsel."[3] The alpha [is] both long and short. Homer [writes]: "Ares, Ares, bane of men."[4]
It is declined *)/arhs *)/arou and *)/arhs *)/arhtos, and *)/arhs *)/areos. For [the nominative] is *)/arhs and mixes its declension.

*)/arhs: kuri/ws o( si/dhros. bayame/nh koi/lwn e)nto\s *)/arh lago/nwn. shmai/nei de\ kai\ to\n po/lemon. para\ to\ r(w= to\ le/gw, o( me/llwn r(h/sw, r(h=s, kai\ meta\ tou= sterhtikou= a *)/arhs. e)n ga\r pole/mw| ou) lo/gwn a)ll' e)/rgwn xrei/a. kai\ *(/omhros: e)n ga\r xersi\ te/los pole/mou, e)pe/wn d' e)ni\ boulh=|. to\ a kai\ makro\n kai\ braxu/. *(/omhros: *)=ares, *)/ares brotoloige/. kli/netai de\ *)/arhs, *)/arou, kai\ *)/arhs, *)/arhtos, kai\ *)/arhs, *)/areos. *)/arhs ga/r e)sti kai\ tara/ttei th\n kli/sin.

[1] Greek Anthology 7.531.2 (Antipater of Thessalonica). A sword, in other words: cf. Homer, Iliad 7.330, and LSJ s.v. On this epigram, in which a Spartan mother kills her cowardly son, see Gow and Page (vol. I, 26-27); (vol. II, 39-40); and further excerpts at alpha 4649, epsilon 3709, kappa 2026, lambda 672, phi 14, and phi 851.
[2] On hypothetical monosyllabic verbs, see phi 394.
[3] Homer, Iliad 16.630 (see web address 1).
[4] Homer, Iliad 5.31 (web address 2).

A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: The Garland of Philip and Some Contemporary Epigrams, vol. I, (Cambridge, 1968)
A.S.F. Gow and D.L. Page, eds., The Greek Anthology: The Garland of Philip and Some Contemporary Epigrams, vol. II, (Cambridge, 1968)

David Whitehead (modified translation; augmented note) on 18 March 2001@10:27:45.
Catharine Roth (converted declension to betacode) on 19 December 2001@19:45:06.
Catharine Roth on 19 December 2001@19:47:17.
David Whitehead (added keyword) on 24 August 2002@10:10:30.
David Whitehead (another keyword; tweaks) on 11 April 2012@09:12:43.
Catharine Roth (tweaked notes, upgraded links) on 17 December 2013@21:41:33.
Catharine Roth (added new note 2) on 17 December 2013@21:47:57.
David Whitehead on 31 August 2015@04:07:40.
Ronald Allen (expanded n.1, added bibliography, added cross-references, added keywords) on 4 May 2022@14:06:48.
Catharine Roth (tweaked translation) on 4 May 2022@18:47:50.
Ronald Allen (tweak n.1) on 20 May 2022@14:11:23.
Catharine Roth (cosmeticule) on 21 May 2022@01:14:36.

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