[1] The headword phrase is perhaps (though not necessarily) extracted from the quotation given; other instances are attested (e.g. Xenophon, Cyropaedia 8.1.23 and Symposium 3.6). In the Greek, the difference between headword and gloss is prepositional (ana as opposed to kata).
[2] "Phameas" is Hamilcar: see already alpha 1596 and the note there. As to the quotation itself, Adler cites it as Polybius 36.8.1, but that passage is significantly different. Unidentifiable, rather.